why was henry vii called the winter king

Yorkist malcontents had strength in the north of England and in Ireland and had a powerful ally in Richard IIIs sister Margaret, dowager duchess of Burgundy. Bacon wanted the future Charles I to learn from Henry's reign, but the financial methods that would provoke fatal opposition to Charles look pale beside the exactions levied by Henry from often innocent subjects, who were denied legal process or threatened with trumped-up prosecutions and had to buy their freedom (though at moments of apparently impending death the king would repent of his methods and have the jails cleared and pardons issued). Shakespeare later turned to Henry's son and successor Henry VIII, whose rule brought marital sensation, renaissance spectacle and the reformation. [16] With money and supplies borrowed from his host, Francis II of Brittany, Henry tried to land in England, but his conspiracy unravelled resulting in the execution of his primary co-conspirator, Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham. In 1502 the death of his heir Arthur left the dynasty's prospects with Arthur's 10-year-old brother, Henry. [34], When the King's agents searched the property of William Stanley (Chamberlain of the Household, with direct access to Henry VII) they found a bag of coins amounting to around 10,000 and a collar of livery with Yorkist garnishings. : (April 25, 1883. His account of Henry's government is more contentious than he lets on. After his victory at Bosworth Field, Henry married Edward IV's daughter Elizabeth of York. Henry's original head was cut out of the painting and replaced at some point after the work's creation. He had a populist touch and his reign started with pardons, reforms and justice. For many he remained a usurper, a false king. [citation needed] John Cabot, originally from Genoa and Venice, had heard that ships from Bristol had discovered uncharted new found territory far west of Ireland. I wasn't disappointed because, as usual, he did a great job with the narration. [76] He was succeeded by his second son, Henry VIII (reigned 150947), who would initiate the Protestant Reformation in England. Henry VII was also shown, but his black line just traced back to Owen Tudor, a chamber servant. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. King Henry the VII and King Henry the VIII both feared being invaded by foreign countries. He was the founder of the Tudor dynasty, and his marriage to Elizabeth Woodville brought together the too sides that were facing off during the Wars of the Roses (the Lancasters and the Yorks) basically uniting the two houses into a single family. He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor.[a]. 1509. [13] When Warwick restored Henry VI in 1470, Jasper Tudor returned from exile and brought Henry to court. Categories: Monarchy, NewsTags: birth of Tudor dynasty, Henry Tudor, Henry VII, Thomas Penn, Tudor dynasty, Winter King, Copyright 2023 The Anne Boleyn Files Henry VIII, (born June 28, 1491, Greenwich, near London, Englanddied January 28, 1547, London), king of England (1509-47) who presided over the beginnings of the English Renaissance and the English Reformation. By 1900 the "New Monarchy" interpretation stressed the common factors that in each country led to the revival of monarchical power. When the Lancastrian cause crashed to disaster at the Battle of Tewkesbury (May 1471), Jasper took the boy out of the country and sought refuge in the duchy of Brittany. Henry VII shut himself away in Richmond Palace from January 1509 and at 11pm on Saturday 21st April 1509 he died. The author does a good job drawing on his sources and bringing the characters to life while staying true to the history, but the subject matter is just not inherently as sexy as Henry VIIIs or Elizabeth Is reigns. [citation needed], Henry also made some political capital out of his Welsh ancestry in attracting military support and safeguarding his army's passage through Wales on its way to the Battle of Bosworth. Thanks largely to the desertion of his stepfather, Lord Stanley, to him, he defeated and slew Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth on August 22, 1485. [63] Despite this, Henry was keen to constrain their power and influence, applying the same principles to the justices of the peace as he did to the nobility: a similar system of bonds and recognisances to that which applied to both the gentry and the nobles who tried to exert their elevated influence over these local officials. Henry was thus handed over to English envoys and escorted to the Breton port of Saint-Malo. [citation needed], In 1502, Henry VII's life took a difficult and personal turn in which many people he was close to died in quick succession. Through luck, guile, and ruthlessness, Henry VII, the first of the Tudor kings, emerged as rulerbut as a fugitive with a flimsy claim to England's throne, he remained a usurper and false king to many, and his hold on power was precarious. Together, they had seven children. Henry the older was lean and shriveled, rigid with prudence, empty of any hunger other than a desire to secure his throne through the acquisition of cash. More wrote that this King is loved and compared Henrys accession to the coming of a new season, a new spring following a winter of repression. He spent money lavishly, held big parties. [citation needed], In 1506, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller Emery d'Amboise asked Henry VII to become the protector and patron of the Order, as he had an interest in the crusade. Who could have expected that he would rule for 24 years, die in his bed, bequeath the first orderly succession to the throne for nearly a century, and found a famous dynasty? I have to admit to being a history geek. Henry attained the throne when his forces defeated King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, the culmination of the Wars of the Roses. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [24][17][25] He was 29 years old, she was 20. [3] Henry's paternal grandfather, Owen Tudor, originally from the Tudors of Penmynydd, Isle of Anglesey in Wales, had been a page in the court of King Henry V. He rose to become one of the "Squires to the Body to the King" after military service at the Battle of Agincourt. The union was both symbolic and necessary. - and that was only about 50% of the book, it was only about 50% interesting to me. He created the sovereign coin to spread the message that he was King. Pembroke Castle, and later the Earldom of Pembroke, were granted to the Yorkist William Herbert, who also assumed the guardianship of Margaret Beaufort and the young Henry. Files Welcome Pack of 5 goodies, 28 January 1457 Birth of Henry VII at Pembroke Castle, 30 October 1485 Coronation of Henry VII, Henry VIIIs Enforcer: The Rise and Fall of Thomas Cromwell A Review and Rundown, Henry VII: Winter King A Review and Rundown, 31 May 1533 The Coronation Procession of Queen Anne Boleyn, Why I think Henry VIII was ultimately responsible for Anne Boleyns downfall, 4 March 1522 Anne Boleyn plays Perseverance, The Boleyns of Hever Castle now 99p on Kindle on Amazon UK, YouTube Live 4 March 2023 The Fascinating Background of Henry VIII. A King from upstart usurper to renaissance monarch to Machiavellian schemer. 7.1 59min 2013 16+. By subscribing you confirm that you have read and agree to the Privacy Policy [opens in new window] and the Terms & Conditions [opens in new window]. Updates? Henry VII comes across as a talented micromanager and financier. When they married in 1396 they already had four children, including Henry's great-grandfather John Beaufort. [66], Henry wanted to maintain the Spanish alliance. The significant role played by bitcoin for businesses! Henry VII ruled as Machiavelli, just after his reign, was to advise usurpers to do through fear rather than love. The usual courts and justice system were totally circumvented, and there was no chance of appeal other than purchasing extremely high priced royal pardons. I'm beginning to wonder if all of the kings beginning with the conquest weren't a little off their rocker in some way. His host was Francis, the Duke of Brittany, who saw Henry Tudor as a pawn in the game between Edward VI and the King of France. [67], Henry made half-hearted plans to remarry and beget more heirs, but these never came to anything. Sometimes, Penn explained, charges against people were fabricated so that they would have to pay a fine, for example, a man who was charged with murdering a child and who was found guilty because the jury was rigged. MP3 CD. The Great Debasement (1544-1551) was a currency debasement policy introduced in 1544 England under the order of Henry VIII which saw the amount of precious metal in gold and silver coins reduced and in some cases replaced entirely with cheaper base metals such as copper. Herbert was captured fighting for the Yorkists and executed by Warwick. Raised in France, admiring of Italian-trained lawyers (and reaping the reward of the return of a whole generation of educated English commoners who sat out the War of the Roses abroad), with good taste in Renaissance art and advised by his gracious wife and steely mother, Henry VII is a major figure, not a prequel. An easy read? Henry VII was king of England from 1485 to 1509. The reigns of his three predecessors were interrupted or foreshortened. When Henry VII called his first parliament he used it as an opportunity to legitimise his reign. The fact that a Cockney could provide a recognisable representation of him gives away part of his enduring appeal; in national memory, Henry was one of the lads, the only English king to have. He explained how Henry VII had achieved what he set out to do, he had passed on the crown successfully. Thus, Henry Tudor had no choice but to gather together an army including mercenary soldiers as well as his own supporters, and he landed in Wales in August, 1485. [citation needed] Henry also formed an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I (14931519) and persuaded Pope Innocent VIII to issue a papal bull of excommunication against all pretenders to Henry's throne. Letters to relatives have an affectionate tone not captured by official state business, as evidenced by many written to his mother Margaret. Hed achieved the impossible, hed risen from refugee to King of England. Before taking the throne, he was known as Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond. Its inhabitant was once one of England's most exuberant kings, yet his resting place was only re-discovered in 1813. This is why he named the book the Winter King. The research was thorough and it was presented well and kept me engaged. Since he was the second son, and not expected to become king, we know little of his childhood until the death of his older brother Arthur, Prince of Wales. Read all Directors Giulia Clark Stuart Elliott Writers But Henry had a crucial asset: his queen and their children, the living embodiment of his hoped-for dynasty. Watch for $0.00 with Prime.

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